Last multipliers as autonomous solutions of the Liouville equation of transport

Using the characterization of last multipliers as solutions of the Liouville's transport equation, new results are given in this approach of ODE by providing several new characterizations, e.g. in terms of Witten and Marsden differentials or adjoint vector field. Applications to Hamiltonian vector fields on Poisson manifolds and vector fields on Riemannian manifolds are presented. In Poisson case, the unimodular bracket considerably simplifies computations while, in the Riemannian framework, a Helmholtz type decomposition yields remarkable examples: one is the quadratic porous medium equation, the second (the autonomous version of the previous) produces harmonic square functions, while the third refers to the gradient of the distance function with respect to a two dimensional rotationally symmetric metric. A final example relates the solutions of Helmholtz (particularly Laplace) equation to provide a last multiplier for a gradient vector field. A connection of our subject with gas dynamics in Riemannian setting is pointed at the end.Comment: final versio

Formal Frobenius structures generated by geometric deformation algebras

Necessary and sufficient conditions for some deformation algebras to provide formal Frobenius structures are given. Also, examples of formal Frobenius structures with fundamental tensor that is not of the deformation type and examples of symmetric non-metric connections are presented.Comment: 15 page

Last multipliers for multivectors with applications to Poisson geometry

The theory of the last multipliers as solutions of the Liouville's transport equation, previously developed for vector fields, is extended here to general multivectors. Characterizations in terms of Witten and Marsden differentials are reobtained as well as the algebraic structure of the set of multivectors with a common last multiplier, namely Gerstenhaber algebra. Applications to Poisson bivectors are presented by obtaining that last multipliers count for ''how far away'' is a Poisson structure from being exact with respect to a given volume form. The notion of exact Poisson cohomology for an unimodular Poisson structure on $IR^{n}$ is introduced.Comment: 16 page

A new approach to gradient Ricci solitons and generalizations

This short note concerns with two inequalities in the geometry of gradient Ricci solitons $(g, f, \lambda )$ on a smooth manifold $M$. These inequalities provide some relationships between the curvature of the Riemannian metric $g$ and the behavior of the scalar field $f$ through two second order equations satisfied by the scalar $\lambda$. We propose several generalizations of Ricci solitons to the setting of manifolds endowed with linear connections, not necessary of metric type.Comment: revised and expanded versio

From the Eisenhart problem to Ricci solitons in ff-Kenmotsu manifolds

The Eisenhart problem of finding parallel tensors is solved for the symmetric case in the regular $f$-Kenmotsu framework. On this way, the Olszack-Rosca example of Einstein manifolds provided by $f$-Kenmotsu manifolds via locally symmetric Ricci tensors is recovered as well as a case of Killing vector fields. Some other classes of Einstein-Kenmotsu manifolds are presented. Our result is interpreted in terms of Ricci solitons and special quadratic first integrals.Comment: 12 page

Weyl substructures and compatible linear connections

The aim of this paper is to study from the point of view of linear connections the data $(M,\mathcal{D},g,W),$ with $M$ a smooth $(n+p)$ dimensional real manifold, $(\mathcal{D},g)$ a \textit{$n$}\textit{\emph{dimensional semi-Riemannian distribution}}\emph{}on $M,$ $\mathcal{G}$ the conformal structure generated by $g$ and $W$ a Weyl substructure: a map $W:$ $\mathcal{G}\to$ $\Omega^{1}(M)$ such that $W(\overline{g})=W(g)-du,$ $\overline{g}=e^{u}g;u\in C^{\infty}(M)$. Compatible linear connections are introduced as a natural extension of similar notions from Riemannian geometry and such a connection is unique if a symmetry condition is imposed. In the foliated case the local expression of this unique connection is obtained. The notion of Vranceanu connection is introduced for a pair (Weyl structure, distribution) and it is computed for the tangent bundle of Finsler spaces, particularly Riemannian, choosing as distribution the vertical bundle of tangent bundle projection and as 1-form the Cartan form.Comment: 15 page

Ricci-Yamabe maps for Riemannian flows and their volume variation and volume entropy

The aim of this short note is to produce new examples of geometrical flows associated to a given Riemannian flow $g(t)$. The considered flow in covariant symmetric $2$-tensor fields will be called Ricci-Yamabe map since it involves a scalar combination of Ricci tensor and scalar curvature of $g(t)$. Due to the signs of considered scalars the Ricci-Yamabe flow can be also a Riemannian or semi-Riemannian or singular Riemannian flow. We study the associated function of volume variation as well as the volume entropy. Finally, since the two-dimensional case was the most handled situation we express the Ricci flow equation in all four orthogonal separable coordinate systems of the plane

CR-structures of codimension 2 on tangent bundles in Riemann-Finsler geometry

We determine a 2-codimensional CR-structure on the slit tangent bundle $T_0M$ of a Finsler manifold $(M, F)$ by imposing a condition regarding the almost complex structure $\Psi$ associated to $F$ when restricted to the structural distribution of a framed $f$-structure. This condition is satisfied when $(M, F)$ is of scalar flag curvature (particularly flat) and in the Riemannian case $(M, g)$ this last condition means that $g$ is of constant curvature. This CR-structure is finally generalized by using one positive number but under more difficult conditions.Comment: 10 page

Ricci solitons in manifolds with quasi-constant curvature

The Eisenhart problem of finding parallel tensors treated already in the framework of quasi-constant curvature manifolds in \cite{x:j} is reconsidered for the symmetric case and the result is interpreted in terms of Ricci solitons. If the generator of the manifold provides a Ricci soliton then this is i) expanding on para-Sasakian spaces with constant scalar curvature and vanishing $D$-concircular tensor field and ii) shrinking on a class of orientable quasi-umbilical hypersurfaces of a real projective space=elliptic space form.Comment: 10 page

(a, 1)f structures on product of spheres

Our aim in this paper is to give some examples of $(a, 1)f$ Riemannian structures (a generalization of an $r$-paracontact structure) induced on product of spheres of codimension $r$ ($r \in \{1,2\}$) in an $m$-dimensional Euclidean space ($m>2$), endowed with an almost product structure.Comment: 10 page